Birth flowers are more than just beautiful blooms—they represent the characteristics, traditions, and folklore tied to each month of the year. Much like zodiac signs or birthstones, these flowers carry deep meanings and symbolism passed down through generations. From the delicate snowdrop in January to the festive poinsettia in December, every birth flower has a story to tell. In this guide, we’ll take a month-by-month journey through the world of birth flowers, uncovering their origins, symbolism, and what they reveal about the people born under them.

Table of Contents

January Birth Flower

Carnation

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Carnations are among the most recognized birth flowers for January. Native to Europe and parts of Asia, these blooms have been cultivated for over 2,000 years. Their botanical name, Dianthus caryophyllus, translates to “flower of the gods,” which hints at the admiration this flower has received across cultures.

These ruffled flowers come in a variety of colors, each symbolizing a different sentiment. Red carnations express admiration, white represents pure love, pink conveys a mother’s eternal love, and striped varieties often symbolize regret. Because they bloom during the coldest months, carnations are also a symbol of strength and deep affection.

They’re often used in bouquets, boutonnieres, and winter floral arrangements due to their long-lasting nature and hardy stems.

Snowdrop

The snowdrop is another flower associated with January and holds special meaning in colder climates. Blooming through snow-covered ground, this small white flower represents hope and renewal. Its botanical name, Galanthus nivalis, translates to “milk flower of the snow.”

Snowdrops are one of the first flowers to emerge after winter’s frost, making them symbols of perseverance and rebirth. In folklore, these blooms were believed to offer protection and comfort during challenging times. Their delicate bell-shaped blossoms are often planted in shaded woodland gardens, where they naturalize and spread year after year.

February Birth Flower

Violet

For those born in February, the birth flowers include the gentle and charming violet. These modest blossoms have long symbolized faithfulness, humility, and modesty. In the Victorian language of flowers, giving violets was a sign of loyalty and spiritual wisdom.

Botanically classified under the Viola genus, violets are often deep purple but also bloom in shades of blue, white, and yellow. They prefer cooler temperatures and are frequently planted in early spring containers or shaded garden beds.

Violets also have culinary and medicinal uses. The flowers are edible and often used in teas, syrups, and salads. Historically, they were used to treat ailments like coughs and insomnia, giving them a place not just in gardens but in traditional medicine cabinets as well.

Iris

The iris, another February birth flower, derives its name from the Greek word for “rainbow,” a nod to its wide array of colors. In mythology, Iris was the goddess who delivered messages between heaven and earth, and the flower bearing her name has come to symbolize communication, wisdom, and valor.

The structure of the iris flower is quite distinct, with three upright petals (called standards) and three drooping petals (called falls). These features are thought to represent faith, hope, and courage—fitting qualities for those born in February.

Irises grow from rhizomes or bulbs, depending on the variety, and thrive in sunny garden spots. With species like Iris germanica and Iris sibirica, they provide stunning vertical color in both naturalized and formal plantings.

Primrose

In American floral tradition, the primrose is also associated with February birthdays. Its name—Primula vulgaris—means “first rose,” highlighting its role as one of the earliest bloomers of spring.

Primroses come in soft pastels and vivid hues, symbolizing youth, young love, and new beginnings. In folklore, they were thought to open doors to the fairy realm, adding a mystical layer to their meaning.

Because of their hardiness and low-growing habit, primroses are commonly used in borders and containers. Their cheerful blooms are a welcome sight as winter starts to fade.

March Birth Flower

Daffodil

The cheerful daffodil is the official birth flower for March and one of the first signs that spring has arrived. With their bright yellow trumpet-shaped blooms, daffodils symbolize renewal, rebirth, and fresh beginnings, fitting for the month that bridges winter and spring.

Botanically known as Narcissus, daffodils carry a mix of cultural and mythological meanings. According to Greek mythology, a youth named Narcissus fell in love with his own reflection, and where he perished, daffodils bloomed. Despite this somber origin, the flower has come to represent optimism, hope, and joy.

Daffodils grow from bulbs and are a favorite in early spring gardens due to their low maintenance and deer resistance. Their bright color and upright form make them popular in naturalized lawns, borders, and seasonal flower beds.

In the language of flowers, a single daffodil might signify misfortune, while a bunch conveys happiness and good fortune—so always plant them in groups!

April Birth Flower

Daisy

The daisy is one of April’s charming birth flowers, symbolizing innocence, purity, and loyal love. The name “daisy” is thought to come from “day’s eye,” as the flower opens at sunrise and closes at night. These sunny blooms are among the most recognized in the Aster family.

The classic daisy—Bellis perennis—features white petals and a bright yellow center. But the daisy family is vast, including varieties like Shasta daisies, painted daisies, and Gerbera daisies, which add a splash of vibrant color to any garden.

Traditionally associated with children and new beginnings, daisies are often included in spring arrangements and whimsical wildflower mixes. Their association with simple joys and affection makes them a fitting flower for those born in the heart of spring.

Sweet Pea

Also associated with April, sweet peas are beloved for their intoxicating fragrance and delicate petals. Native to the Mediterranean and scientifically known as Lathyrus odoratus, sweet peas are trailing vines that bloom in pastel shades of pink, purple, and white.

These flowers symbolize gratitude, pleasure, and goodbyes, often gifted to express appreciation or commemorate a fond farewell. The sweet pea became especially popular during the Victorian era and continues to be a spring garden favorite.

With their fluttery, butterfly-like appearance, sweet peas are commonly used in trellises, fences, and bouquets. They thrive in cool weather and are best planted in early spring in well-drained soil.

May Birth Flower

Lily of the Valley

Delicate and fragrant, the birth flower most often associated with May is the Lily of the Valley. Known for its dainty bell-shaped blooms and sweet scent, this plant symbolizes humility, purity, and the return of happiness.

Despite its name, Convallaria majalis is not a true lily. It grows as a ground cover, spreading through rhizomes, and thrives in shady, moist areas. While it adds charm to spring gardens, it’s important to note that all parts of the plant are toxic if ingested.

In many cultures, this flower is linked to love and renewal. In France, it’s traditionally given on May 1st (La Fête du Muguet) as a token of appreciation and good fortune. It’s also a favorite in bridal bouquets due to its timeless elegance and symbolism of happiness returning after hardship.

Hawthorn

Sharing the spotlight in May is the hawthorn, a flowering shrub or tree known for its clusters of small white or pink blossoms. A member of the rose family, Crataegus monogyna has long been associated with hope, fertility, and protection.

Hawthorn hedges have been planted for centuries, not just for their beautiful spring flowers, but for their dense, thorny branches which make excellent natural barriers. The plant’s berries, or haws, are also used in herbal medicine and can be made into teas and jellies.

In folklore, hawthorn was believed to have protective qualities and was often used in May Day celebrations. However, bringing hawthorn indoors was once thought to bring misfortune—a superstition rooted in the plant’s association with both life and death.

Despite its complex symbolism, hawthorn is cherished as a symbol of longevity and spiritual growth, making it a meaningful birth flower for those born in May.

June Birth Flower

Rose

Few flowers are as iconic as the rose, the primary birth flower for June. Known universally as a symbol of love, passion, and beauty, roses have held a special place in cultures and traditions for centuries.

Belonging to the Rosaceae family, roses come in a vast array of types, including heirloom, hybrid tea, floribunda, and climbing varieties. With colors ranging from deep reds to delicate pinks, sunny yellows, and pure whites, each hue carries its own symbolism—red for romantic love, white for purity, pink for admiration, and yellow for friendship.

Roses bloom in abundance in June, which is why they are tied to this month. Their versatility in the garden and in arrangements makes them a favorite among growers and florists alike. They thrive in full sun and well-drained soil, rewarding care with showy, fragrant blooms.

The rose is also deeply embedded in history—from the Tudor Rose in England to countless references in literature and poetry—making it a timeless floral emblem.

Honeysuckle

In England, honeysuckle is also recognized as a birth flower for June. Beloved for its sweet fragrance and nectar-filled blossoms, honeysuckle represents devotion, everlasting love, and the bonds of affection.

Part of the Caprifoliaceae family, honeysuckle includes both climbing and shrubby varieties. These fast-growing plants are often used to cover fences, pergolas, and arbors, adding both vertical interest and irresistible scent to summer gardens.

The tubular blooms—often in shades of creamy white, pink, or yellow—attract hummingbirds and pollinators. But beyond their beauty, honeysuckles are steeped in folklore, once believed to protect households from evil and even encourage dreams of love when brought indoors.

For those born in June, honeysuckle reflects both emotional warmth and natural resilience.

July Birth Flower

Water Lily

One of the most enchanting birth flowers for July is the water lily, a symbol of purity, peace, and enlightenment. These aquatic beauties float gracefully on the surface of ponds and lakes, with their broad leaves and delicate blooms creating a serene and calming visual.

Belonging to the Nymphaeaceae family, water lilies are found on nearly every continent. They’ve evolved to thrive in still or slow-moving water, with hardy varieties blooming in cooler climates and tropical types thriving in warmer zones.

In Eastern traditions, especially in Buddhism and Hinduism, the water lily (often associated with the lotus) symbolizes spiritual awakening and rebirth. Because the flower rises from muddy waters to bloom in full beauty, it’s seen as a metaphor for overcoming hardship and growing into one’s true self.

Common species like Nymphaea odorata and Nymphaea mexicana are often used in ornamental water gardens and require full sun to produce their stunning flowers.

Larkspur

The second July flower, larkspur, is a tall, stately plant known for its airy spikes of blossoms in shades of blue, purple, pink, and white. Native to the Northern Hemisphere and part of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae), larkspur is symbolic of positivity, first love, and lightness of heart.

Its name comes from the shape of the flower’s spur, which resembles a lark’s claw. The plant’s botanical name, Delphinium, is derived from the Greek word for dolphin, referring to the flower’s resemblance to a dolphin’s nose.

Larkspurs are popular in cottage gardens and floral arrangements, offering vertical interest and vibrant color throughout the summer. They prefer cooler climates and well-drained soil and are often grown from seed.

In folklore, larkspur was believed to ward off evil spirits and bring protection, making it both a beautiful and symbolic flower for those born in July.

August Birth Flower

Gladiolus

The gladiolus is the leading birth flower for August and represents strength, honor, and moral integrity. Its name is derived from the Latin word gladius, meaning “sword,” a nod to the plant’s tall, blade-like leaves and striking vertical flower spikes.

Often called “sword lilies,” gladiolus flowers come in a wide range of vivid colors including red, pink, yellow, orange, and white. They bloom from bottom to top on their tall stems, making them a favorite in dramatic floral arrangements.

Native to South Africa and parts of the Mediterranean, gladiolus thrives in sunny locations and well-drained soil. They’re typically planted as bulbs in spring and bloom through mid-to-late summer.

Historically, gladiolus was associated with Roman gladiators and was used to celebrate victory. Today, it’s seen as a floral symbol of infatuation and remembrance, ideal for expressing admiration or heartfelt sentiment.

Poppy

Also tied to August—especially in English tradition—is the poppy, a flower rich with symbolism, emotion, and cultural history. Most recognized for its bold red color, the poppy stands for consolation, peace, and eternal rest, but also imagination and remembrance.

The most common species is Papaver rhoeas, or the red field poppy, which flourishes in wild meadows and disturbed soils. Its ability to regenerate and bloom in large numbers after war and destruction—particularly in World War I—made it a global emblem of remembrance.

However, poppies come in many forms and colors, with some varieties symbolizing beauty, success, or restful sleep. In gardens, they are typically grown from seed and prefer sunny, dry spots with minimal watering needs.

For those born in August, the poppy offers a dual message: one of bold individuality and one of quiet reflection.

September Birth Flower

Aster

The aster is the best-known birth flower for September, symbolizing wisdom, love, and faith. Named after the Greek word for “star,” asters resemble miniature stars with their radiant petals surrounding a sunny center.

These hardy perennials belong to the Asteraceae family and bloom in late summer through fall, making them ideal for brightening up gardens just as many other flowers begin to fade. They come in shades of purple, pink, white, and blue, with New England and New York asters being the most popular varieties.

Asters were once believed to be magical flowers that could ward off evil, and they’ve also been used medicinally in teas and poultices. In modern floral language, gifting asters conveys deep emotional affection and a desire for continued connection.

Their late-season bloom time and star-like appearance make asters a perfect symbol of lasting beauty and quiet strength.

Morning Glory

Also representing September is the morning glory, a fast-growing vine known for its vibrant, trumpet-shaped flowers that bloom with the sunrise and fade by afternoon. This fleeting beauty has long been associated with love, affection, and the passage of time.

The most common species, Ipomoea purpurea, blooms in shades of purple, blue, pink, and white. Morning glories are easy to grow from seed and often used to cover fences, trellises, or arbors with their twisting tendrils and lush greenery.

In Chinese folklore, the morning glory represents a love that can only meet once a year, giving the flower a sense of both longing and deep devotion. Despite its short-lived blooms, the plant’s prolific flowering habit ensures daily beauty from late summer into fall.

Together, asters and morning glories capture the essence of September—transient beauty, faithful connection, and the changing of seasons.

October Birth Flower

Marigold

The bold and fiery marigold is the traditional birth flower for October, known for symbolizing passion, creativity, and resilience. With their golden-yellow and orange hues, marigolds bring warmth to autumn gardens and are often associated with the sun.

There are two main types of marigolds: Calendula officinalis, also known as pot marigold, and Tagetes species, such as African and French marigolds. While both are part of the Aster family, they differ slightly in use and symbolism.

Calendula has medicinal and culinary applications—its petals can be used in teas, ointments, and even salads. Tagetes, on the other hand, is widely used in ornamental plantings and cultural celebrations. In Mexican tradition, marigolds are central to Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead) and represent the path of light guiding spirits home.

Their vibrant appearance and long bloom season make marigolds a symbol of optimism and determination, perfect for those born in October.

Cosmos

Cosmos flowers, also tied to October, offer a more delicate contrast to the bold marigold. Native to Mexico, Cosmos bipinnatus is known for its graceful, daisy-like blooms in pink, white, and deep red, all set against feathery green foliage.

The name “cosmos” was chosen by Spanish missionaries, inspired by the flower’s balanced petal arrangement, which they believed reflected order, harmony, and peace.

Cosmos are easy to grow and thrive in full sun and average soil. They are drought-tolerant and loved by pollinators, making them ideal for sustainable gardens.

Symbolically, cosmos represent wholesome love, beauty, and tranquility, making them a thoughtful gesture for birthdays, anniversaries, or just because.

Together, marigold and cosmos reflect the full emotional range of October: vibrant expression, quiet balance, and enduring warmth.

November Birth Flower

Chrysanthemum

The chrysanthemum, often simply called “mum,” is the best-known birth flower for November. Symbolizing joy, optimism, and loyalty, this flower brings bright color to the cooler, darker days of late autumn.

Native to China and Japan, chrysanthemums have a long and meaningful history. In Japan, they represent the imperial family and are featured on the Chrysanthemum Throne. In Western cultures, they’re known for their cheerful appearance and use in fall displays, but in some regions (like parts of Europe), they’re also associated with remembrance and mourning.

Chrysanthemums come in many forms—from daisy-like singles to full, globe-shaped pompons—and an impressive array of colors, including yellow, red, white, pink, and purple. Each color carries its own meaning: white symbolizes loyalty, red conveys love, and yellow suggests friendship.

Hardy and long-blooming, mums are a seasonal favorite in container arrangements, garden beds, and bouquets. Their resilience and beauty make them a perfect floral emblem for November birthdays.

Peony

While often associated with spring, the peony is also recognized in American floral tradition as a November birth flower. Symbolizing bashfulness, prosperity, and honor, peonies are prized for their large, lush blooms and sweet fragrance.

Native to China, where they’re known as the “king of flowers,” peonies have long been associated with wealth and nobility. They were once used for medicinal purposes and remain popular in both Eastern and Western garden landscapes.

There are three main types: herbaceous, tree, and intersectional (Itoh) peonies. Each blooms for only a short window—usually late spring—but the impact is unforgettable. Their elegant form and abundance of petals make them a popular choice for weddings, anniversaries, and birthday bouquets.

Though their bloom time may not align with November, the peony’s message of timeless beauty and gentle affection makes it a fitting symbolic flower for this thoughtful, transitional month.

December Birth Flower

Poinsettia

Perhaps the most iconic birth flower of December is the poinsettia, a vibrant plant synonymous with the holiday season. Symbolizing success, celebration, and goodwill, the poinsettia’s bright red and green foliage makes it a natural fit for Christmas decor and December birthdays.

Native to Mexico and introduced to the U.S. by botanist Joel Poinsett, Euphorbia pulcherrima is not a true flower—the showy red “petals” are actually bracts, or modified leaves, surrounding a small cluster of yellow true flowers in the center.

Poinsettias are photoperiodic, meaning they bloom in response to short daylight hours. To achieve their trademark red color, they require long nights and cool temperatures. Today, they are available in a variety of colors including pink, white, and speckled varieties.

In Christian symbolism, the poinsettia is thought to represent the Star of Bethlehem and Christ’s sacrifice. For everyone born in December, it reflects a spirit of joyful resilience and new beginnings.

Holly

Another traditional December bloom is the holly, an evergreen plant that’s rich in both symbolism and seasonal significance. Known for its glossy green leaves and bright red berries, holly represents protection, life, and perseverance during the darkest time of the year.

Botanically called Ilex aquifolium, holly has been used in winter celebrations for centuries, from the Roman Saturnalia to modern Christmas traditions. It’s believed to ward off evil spirits and symbolize eternal life, thanks to its evergreen nature.

Only female holly plants produce berries, and these are often seen adorning holiday wreaths and centerpieces. In gardens, holly is valued for its year-round interest and as a habitat for birds and other wildlife.

As a birth flower, holly reflects hope and renewal, making it a powerful emblem for December birthdays.

Narcissus (Paperwhite)

The final December flower is the narcissus, specifically the paperwhite, a delicate bloom that symbolizes faithfulness, purity, and inner strength.

Belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family, Narcissus papyraceus is a winter-blooming bulb that thrives indoors. Its snowy white petals and sweet scent brighten homes during the colder months.

The narcissus shares a name and symbolism with the myth of Narcissus—a youth who fell in love with his own reflection—but its message as a birth flower is more uplifting: a call to self-respect, sincerity, and resilience through change.

Easy to grow in water or soil, paperwhites are often forced to bloom in time for the holidays. For December birthdays, they serve as a graceful reminder of clarity, renewal, and fresh perspectives.

FAQs

Why do some months have more than one birth flower?

Many months are associated with two or more birth flowers due to differences in cultural traditions and geographic availability. English and American floral customs sometimes recognize different blooms, and in some cases, alternative flowers were assigned to reflect seasonal varieties or symbolic preferences. This diversity allows individuals more personal choice in connecting with a flower that suits their style, personality, or birth region.

How do I know which birth flower is truly “mine”?

Your primary birth flower is typically linked to your birth month—just like a zodiac sign or birthstone. However, you might resonate more with one flower’s symbolism over another, especially if your month includes two or three options. To determine your birth flower:

• Look at your birth month and see the common associations.
• Consider the meanings behind each flower and how they relate to your personality.
• Some people even adopt their astrological flower or seasonal bloom as an alternative.

Can I grow my birth flower at home?

Absolutely. Many birth flowers are suitable for home gardens or containers, even if you live outside their native growing zone. Here are a few general tips:

• Carnation, violet, and daisy varieties are excellent for temperate garden beds.
• Sweet peas, marigolds, and cosmos thrive in full sun and make great cut flowers.
• Poinsettias and paperwhites are popular indoor plants, especially around the holidays.
• For seasonal blooms, try forcing bulbs like daffodils, lilies, or hyacinths indoors during winter months.

Are birth flowers used in modern celebrations?

Yes—birth flowers are commonly used in birthday bouquets, personalized gifts, tattoos, and even wedding florals. Including someone’s birth flower in an arrangement adds sentimental value and personal meaning. It’s a thoughtful touch that makes a simple bouquet feel unique and intimate.

Conclusion

Birth flowers offer a meaningful and beautiful way to celebrate our connection to nature and time. Each month carries its own floral symbolism—whether it’s the resilient carnation of January, the romantic rose of June, or the festive poinsettia of December. Knowing the story behind your birth flower not only adds personal significance to birthday gifts and celebrations, but it also connects you to centuries of botanical tradition and folklore.

Whether you’re growing them in your garden, gifting them to loved ones, or simply appreciating their history, birth flowers are a timeless way to express identity, emotion, and memory.

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